Historia del US Open, Campeonato Nacional Abierto de los Estados Unidos.

En la foto el GM León Hoyos vence al GM Alejandro Ramírez, otro latinoamericano destacado en los Estados Unidos.

El GM León Hoyos hace historia al ganar este tradicional torneo que lleva 113 ediciones.

El U.S. Open fue organizado por la Western Chess Association de 1900 a 1938 y la primera vez se realizó en Excelsior, Minnesota, en 1900.

Veamos la historia. Edición, Lugar sede y ganador.

1 1900 Excelsior, Minnesota Louis Uedemann

2 1901 Excelsior, Minnesota Nicholas MacLeod

3 1902 Excelsior, Minnesota Louis Uedemann

4 1903 Chicago, Illinois Max Judd

5 1904 St. Louis, Missouri Stasch Mlotkowski

6 1905 Excelsior, Minnesota Edward F. Schrader

7 1906 Chicago, Illinois George H. Wolbrecht

8 1907 Excelsior, Minnesota Einar Michelsen

9 1908 Excelsior, Minnesota Edward P. Elliot

10 1909 Excelsior, Minnesota Oscar Chajes

 11 1910 Chicago, Illinois George. H. Wolbrecht

12 1911 Excelsior, Minnesota Charles Blacke

13 1912 Excelsior, Minnesota Edward P. Elliot

14 1913 Chicago, Illinois Bradford B. Jefferson

15 1914 Memphis, Tennessee Bradford B. Jefferson

16 1915 Excelsior, Minnesota Jackson Showalter

17 1916 Chicago, Illinois Edward Lasker

18 1917 Lexington, Kentucky Edward Lasker

19 1918 Chicago, Illinois Bora Kostic

20 1919 Cincinnati, Ohio Edward Lasker

21 1920 Memphis, Tennessee Edward Lasker

 22 1921 Cleveland, Ohio Edward Lasker

23 1922 Louisville, Kentucky Samuel Factor

24 1923 San Francisco, California Stasch Mlotkowski, Norman Whitaker

25 1924 Detroit, Michigan Carlos Torre México.

26 1925 Cedar Point, Ohio Abraham Kupchik

27 1926 Chicago, Illinois Leon Stolzenberg

28 1927 Kalamazoo, Michigan Albert Charles Margolis

29 1928 South Bend, Indiana Leon Stolzenberg

30 1929 St. Louis, Missouri Herman H. Hahlbohm

31 1930 Chicago, Illinois Samuel Factor, Norman Whitaker

32 1931 Tulsa, Oklahoma Samuel Reshevsky

33 1932 Minneapolis, Minnesota Reuben Fine

34 1933 Detroit, Michigan Reuben Fine

35 1934 Chicago, Illinois Reuben Fine, Samuel Reshevsky

36 1935 Milwaukee, Wisconsin Reuben Fine

37 1936 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Israel A. Horowitz

38 1937 Chicago, Illinois David Polland

39 1938 Boston, Massachusetts Israel A. Horowitz, Isaac Kashdan

40 1939 New York, New York Reuben Fine

41 1940 Dallas, Texas Reuben Fine

42 1941 St. Louis, Missouri Reuben Fine

43 1942 Dallas, Texas Herman Steiner, Daniel Yanofsky

44 1943 Syracuse, New York Israel A. Horowitz

45 1944 Boston, Massachusetts Samuel Reshevsky

46 1945 Peoria, Illinois Anthony Santasiere

47 1946 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Herman Steiner

48 1947 Corpus Christi, Texas Isaac Kashdan

49 1948 Baltimore, Maryland Weaver W. Adams

50 1949 Omaha, Nebraska Albert Sandrin Jr.

51 1950 Detroit, Michigan Arthur Bisguier

52 1951 Fort Worth, Texas Larry Evans

53 1952 Tampa, Florida Larry Evans

54 1953 Milwaukee, Wisconsin Donald Byrne

55 1954 New Orleans, Louisiana Larry Evans

56 1955 Long Beach, California Nicolas Rossolimo

57 1956 Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Arthur Bisguier

58 1957 Cleveland, Ohio Bobby Fischer

59 1958 Rochester, Minnesota E. Cobo Arteaga  Cuba

60 1959 Omaha, Nebraska Arthur Bisguier

61 1960 St. Louis, Missouri Robert Byrne

62 1961 San Francisco, California Pal Benko

63 1962 San Antonio, Texas Antonio Medina Garcia España

64 1963 Chicago, Illinois William Lombardy

65 1964 Boston, Massachusetts Pal Benko

66 1965 Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico Pal Benko, William Lombardy

67 1966 Seattle, Washington Pal Benko, Robert Byrne

68 1967 Atlanta, Georgia Pal Benko

69 1968 Aspen, Colorado Bent Larsen

70 1969 Lincoln, Nebraska Pal Benko, Arthur Bisguier, Milan Vukcevich

71 1970 Boston, Massachusetts Bent Larsen

72 1971 Ventura, California Walter Browne, Larry Evans

73 1972 Atlantic City, New Jersey Walter Browne

74 1973 Chicago, Illinois Norman Weinstein 75

1974 New York, New York Pal Benko, Vlastimil Hort

76 1975 Lincoln, Nebraska Pal Benko, William Lombardy

77 1976 Fairfax, Virginia Anatoly Lein, Leonid Shamkovich

78 1977 Columbus, Ohio Leonid Shamkovich, Andy Soltis, Timothy Taylor

79 1978 Phoenix, Arizona Joseph Bradford

80 1979 Chicago, Illinois Florin Gheorghiu

81 1980 Atlanta, Georgia John Fedorowicz, Florin Gheorghiu

 82 1981 Palo Alto, California Florin Gheorghiu, Larry Christiansen, Jeremy Silman,
Nick de Firmian, John Meyer

83 1982 St. Paul, Minnesota Andrew Soltis, William Martz

84 1983 Pasadena, California Larry Christiansen, Viktor Korchnoi

85 1984 Ft. Worth, Texas Roman Dzindzichashvili, Sergey Kudrin

86 1985 Hollywood, Florida Yasser Seirawan, Boris Spassky, Joel Benjamin

87 1986 Somerset, New Jersey Larry Christiansen

88 1987 Portland, Oregon Lev Alburt

89 1988 Boston, Massachusetts Dmitry Gurevich

90 1989 Chicago, Illinois Lev Alburt

91 1990 Jacksonville, Florida Yasser Seirawan

92 1991 Los Angeles, California Michael Rohde, Vladimir Akopian

93 1992 Dearborn, Michigan Gregory Kaidanov

94 1993 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Alexander Shabalov

95 1994 Chicago, Illinois Georgi Orlov, Dmitry Gurevich, Ben Finegold, Smbat Lputian, Leo Kaushansky, Albert Chow

96 1995 Concord, California Alex Yermolinsky

97 1996 Alexandria, Virginia Gabriel Schwartzman

98 1997 Kissimmee, Florida Alex Yermolinsky

99 1998 Kailua-Kona, Hawaii Judit Polgár, Boris Gulko

100 1999 Reno, Nevada Alex Yermolinsky, Alexander Goldin, Eduardas Rozentalis,
Alexander Shabalov, Gabriel Schwartzman, Michael Mulyar

101 2000 St. Paul, Minnesota Alex Yermolinsky

102 2001 Framingham, Massachusetts Aleksander Wojtkiewicz, Joel Benjamin,
Alexander Stripunsky, Fabian Doettling

103 2002 Cherry Hill, New Jersey Gennadi Zaichik, Evgeniy Najer

104 2003 Los Angeles, California Alexander Shabalov

105 2004 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida Alexander Onischuk, Rodrigo Vasquez, Aleksander Wojtkiewicz,Ildar Ibragimov, Andranik Matikozian, Renier Gonzalez, Marcel Martinez

106 2005 Phoenix, Arizona Vadim Milov, Joel Benjamin

107 2006 Oak Brook, Illinois Yury Shulman

108 2007 Cherry Hill, New Jersey Boris Gulko, Sergey Kudrin, Benjamin Finegold, Alexander Shabalov,Michael A. Rohde, Michael A. Mulyar, Anton Paolo Del Mundo

109 2008 Dallas, Texas Alexander Shabalov, Rade Milovanovic, Enrico Sevillano

110 2009 Indianapolis, Indiana Dimitry Gurevich, Sergey Kudrin, Alex Lenderman, Alex Yermolinsky, Jacek Stopa, Jesse Kraai

111 2010 Irvine, California Alejandro Ramirez (Costa Rica)

112 2011 Orlando, Florida Aleksandr Lenderman

113 2012 Vancouver, Washington Manuel Leon Hoyos México, Dmitry Gurevich, John Daniel Bryant

En el Campeonato Nacional Abierto de México han participado más de 18 Grandes Maestros de los Estados Unidos, pero el único jugador que ha ganado tanto el Abierto de los Estados Unidos como el de México es el GM Manuel León Hoyos  y esta hazaña la realiza el mismo año de 2012.